El confinamiento durante la pandemia por COVID-19: su efectividad y grado global de adherencia
Resumen
Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron revisar la naturaleza de las medidas de confinamiento con fines de salud pública en general, la efectividad de tales medidas, especialmente en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, y el grado en que las personas las acataron frente a la grave amenaza que implicó esta enfermedad. Las medidas de lacuarentena pueden aplicarse a grupos limitados de personas o a grandes poblaciones, como sucedió en la última pandemia. La evidencia indica que la cuarentena fue efectiva en
contribuir a controlar pandemias recientes como la del SARS y la de la COVID-19. Sin embargo, existen muchos factores que inciden en la efectividad de estas medidas, como en el grado en que las personas las acatan. Por otro lado, las medidas de cuarentena generan impactos sociales, psicológicos y económicos importantes en la población. A pesar de estas limitaciones e impactos negativos, la cuarentena sigue siendo una importante medida de contención, por lo que su aplicación debe acompañarse de una adecuada asistencia a la población afectada.
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